Jakarta – The Institute for Essential Services Reform (IESR) said that the “Global Mutirão” document produced at the close of the UN Climate Conference (COP30) in Belém, Brazil, did not sufficiently demonstrate a strong global climate ambition. According to IESR, although the document introduces new initiatives, the foundation of the world’s commitment to accelerate climate action remains fragile due to the lack of clarity regarding the phase-out of fossil fuels and adequate climate financing.
The Global Mutirão encompasses several new mandates, including the Global Implementation Accelerator (GIA) and the Belém Mission to 1.5 °C. However, for IESR, the absence of a roadmap for phasing out the use of fossil fuels highlights the weakness of the international agreement to limit global temperature rise to below 1.5°C.
Delima Ramadhani, Climate Policy Coordinator at IESR, stated that the document actually reveals an alarming gap. “COP30 aims to focus on the energy transition agenda. However, in the text of ‘Global Mutirão’, there are no phrases related to energy transition, such as directives on the fossil fuel phase,” she said.
In the COP30 Debrief webinar held by IESR, Delima said that in the context of Indonesia, the update to the Second Nationally Determined Contribution (SNDC) 2025 does not yet reflect the urgency indicated by the results of the Global Stocktake. According to her, the emission reduction target for 2030 has not been updated, even though this is important as a follow-up to the finding that global emissions must be reduced by 43 per cent by 2030 in order to keep the temperature rise below 1.5°C.
Delima explained that although Indonesia’s NDC coverage is quite broad and the transparency format has been improved, the government still maintains a high-carbon energy strategy. “In the energy sector, the government is targeting peak emissions in 2038, which is later than previous projections. This shows that Indonesia’s economic development strategy is still highly dependent on carbon,” she said.
He added that Indonesia did not include an explicit commitment to phase out fossil fuels. Coal will continue to be used through clean coal technology and biomass co-firing schemes, rather than being phased out gradually. IESR assesses that without fundamental changes, national emissions—outside the FOLU sector—are projected to continue increasing by 98 per cent in an unconditional scenario.
IESR Climate and Energy Diplomacy Manager Arief Rosadi believes that Indonesia has a significant political opportunity to lead Global South countries in maintaining climate ambition after COP30. However, this opportunity can only be maximised if domestic policies are consistent with the narrative often presented by the government at international forums.
According to him, there are three important steps that Indonesia needs to take going forward: amplifying climate issues in international forums, ensuring that domestic policies reflect these ambitions, and translating multilateral decisions into concrete partnerships for accelerating renewable energy. (Hartatik)
Banner photo: Image generated by OpenAI’s DALL·E via ChatGPT (2024)
